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English statesman; son of the 7th duke of Marlborough. A sincere Tory and a founder of the Primrose League, dedicated to upholding national institutions, he was nonetheless opposed to the traditional structure of Conservative rule. During William Gladstone's Liberal ministry he allied with other Tory independents to form the so-called Fourth Party, which advocated a new conservatism, more democratic and more receptive to the need for social and political reforms. Acquainted with some of the problems of Ireland, having accompanied his father, the viceroy, there, he was committed to continued union but recognized the extent of maladministration and was opposed to coercive measures. His first budget implicitly criticized the entire foreign policy by its proposed drastic cuts in funds for the armed services. She was the author of Reminiscences and two plays, Borrowed Plumes and The Bill . She died in 1921.
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